They did it for the sake of science or money.
Among the scholars meet frankly sick and perverted personality, which little worried about the welfare of their subjects. A perfect victim – naive people who’ll do anything if their convincing ask. You won’t believe what are ready to go are volunteers in the name of science (or to make some money).
15. The prisoners volunteered for exposure to the genitals
Between 1963 and 1973, dozens of prisoners in the North-West of the United States voluntarily donated their own eggs for experiments with radiation. Of course, life in prison is not sugar, and the prisoners received a cash award and an early release in exchange for participation in the experiment, but is it worth it? The University of Washington conducted these experiments by order of the United States, and in the end they have caused such damage to the health of the subjects that concluded in 2000 short years managed to seize $2.4 million.
14. A homosexual who wanted to change the orientation
In 1954 in a canadian University an experiment was conducted whose purpose was to know where the pleasure center that is responsible for sexual arousal. To do this, scientists implanted electrodes in the rat brain and showed her the lever, by pressing which was stimulated by the center of pleasure. The rat pressed the lever more than 2000 times per hour or every two seconds. In 1970, researcher Robert Heath decided to try the same experiment to transform a homosexual man into a heterosexual. Subjects who voluntarily agreed to participate in the experiment was given the name B-19. On the third hour of the experiment B-19 pressed the lever about 500 times per hour, or once every 10 seconds. When the three hours has expired, the researcher gave the participant a female (prostitute). Within an hour B-19 was able to do it. According to the researcher, B-19 continued to sleep with men for money, but at the same time entered into relations with a married woman. Thus, Robert has proven that the orientation may be affected, but neither he nor the other scientists never performed such experiments.
13. Several women volunteered to mate with a Primate
Sci-Fi movies and comics were always full of stories about the perfect soldiers – hybrids of man and machine or man and animal. In the USSR, this issue came so serious that in 1927, the biologist Ilya Ivanov traveled to Africa to fulfill his dream to cross a human with a Primate. There he was not able to succeed, but he came home with an orangutan named Tarzan, hoping to continue the experiments. At home he managed to find a few women willing to carry the baby Tarzan. However, the orangutan died before the scientist began to conceive, and the experiment came to nothing.
12. Man vs bull
In the 60s, there were many studies from the field of science fiction. This particular experiment involves the implantation of microchips in order to control the behaviour. In 1963, a researcher from Yale University Jose Delgado was so confident in his invention that entered the arena with the bulls, armed with only a remote control. He threw a bull implanted in the head chip, but Delgado didn’t move. And only when the distance between them was reduced to a couple of meters, the researcher pressed the button on the remote and a giant angry bull immediately stopped, turned around and calmly wandered off about his business.
11. The primacy of the child
The story was not one case where the child was raised by animals. In such a case, after returning to civilization, the child continued to behave like an animal. Scientist Winthrop Kellogg decided to see if it would work in the opposite direction. If the animal is brought up people become more human? Kellogg tried to prove the theory on your own child. The scientist brought home a seven-month-old chimpanzee and began to raise him together with her 10-month-old son Donald. With them are equally treated, they studied together, ate and played. The ninth month of the experiment it became obvious that chimpanzees have not learned to speak or do anything human, but the child is human speech began to imitate the sounds made by chimpanzees. Fortunately for the child, the experiment ended and he was able to restore development.
10. Voulez-vous coucher avec moi ce soir?
This popular phrase from the song of the late 70’s translated as “wanna sleep with me tonight?”. Around the same era, Russell Clark of the University of Florida decided to test whether it works. He persuaded two of his attractive students of different genders to ask this question (in translation, of course) other students. The results were quite expected. Three-quarters of men said Yes pretty girl, and no girl agreed to have sex with a cute guy. Moreover, most of the girls were required to leave them alone. Now although this experiment may seem insignificant, it was one of the first which has demonstrated that men and women behave differently in similar situations.
9. Kick the puppy shock
No one could have predicted the results of this mad experiment. In 1963, researcher Stanley Milgram showed how easy it is to manipulate people until agreements for the murder of a man. On this experiment we’ll talk later. A few years later Charles Sheridan and Richard king, who still could not believe the results of this experiment, decided to hold their own. They gathered 26 volunteers and asked them to electrocute a puppy. A charming little dog had to get up to the left. On the right, depending on where the light was flashing. Experimental had to beat the puppy shock every time he confused part. The charge was increased by 15 volts after each mistake. Of course, soon the pup began to writhe from the pain, and the subjects saw it. Of the 26 participants, 20 had increased the charge to maximum just because they were ordered. Of the 26 participants 13 half were men, half women. 6 participants who refused to torture a puppy, were men, while all 13 of the women kept pressing the button until the very end.
8. Inmates need love too
Philip Zimbardo, a psychologist from Stanford University, became interested in the question of why the prisons are so violent. Then he created an artificial prison and put volunteers who had no previous convictions, no propensity for violence, and they all successfully passed the many psychological tests. The researcher randomly assigned the volunteers – half he sent in the camera, and the other half did the guards. Concluded it only took a day to organize a rebellion. Guards had to use harsh measures to disperse them, including random searches, limiting use of toilet, verbal abuse, sleep deprivation and deprivation of food. A few hours later one of the prisoners broke down and left the experiment. Six days later, four other prisoners were given up due to stress. At the end of the experiment had to call the real cops, so they calmed the prisoners. In just six days respectable people turned into sadistic guards, and the end of the experiment they even upset, so they liked given them a sense of power. The prisoners left the experiment in a serious depression.
7. The bystander effect
Ever notice that no one wants to stand out from the crowd? It turns out that this works even when a person’s life is in danger. In 1968, at Columbia University, John Darley and Bib Latane conducted a study that proved this theory. Volunteers were asked to complete the questionnaire. In the next room, people filled out a similar questionnaire, and the room gradually began to fill harmless black smoke. People from the next room, who saw the smoke, did nothing. The experiment was repeated, but with only one witness, and he immediately rushed to call for help. The experiment was again repeated, this time with an actor who pretended that he had a seizure. And again, subjects who were in the group, did nothing but lonely member of in the same situation immediately tried to help.
6. Nurses can be forced to commit murder
In this crazy experiment as volunteers made 22 nurses. They were ordered to stick the patient a dangerous dose of medication, while nurses knew that such a dose would kill him, and the he injection is not required. The syringe contained a placebo, but this nurse didn’t know. Of the 22 nurses rebelled and refused to do the job, only one, the others made a shot, knowing that it would kill the patient. Again, they only did it because they were ordered by the physician. The experiment in 1966 was conducted by the Charles Hofling.
5. People voluntarily framed person chickens
This experiment primarily demonstrates that some professors too much free time. In 2004, zoologists from Stockholm University decided to prove that chickens prefer beautiful people. Several volunteers were asked to approach the hen and let her start to bite in the face. Of course, it hurt – the chicken not tender creation, and they have very hard beaks. Anyway, the experiment confirmed that chickens prefer to peck at the face that people think is beautiful.
4. Some are ready to take poison for money
We are deeply grateful to Harvey Willie for what he found in food, toxic chemicals and more stringent rules for manufacturers of products. However, we also need to thank the very brave and possibly very stupid subject, who agreed to the experiment for money. In 1903, Harvey decided to prove that the preservatives and dyes at that time was hazardous to health. He found 12 young men who clearly explained that he is trying to prove an experiment. They randomly gave normal meals with a high content of these preservatives. Harvey was right – all men became seriously ill. None of them died, but the experiment has forever affected their health.
3. Alabama black life didn’t matter
In the city of Tuskegee, Alabama, doctors were ready to sacrifice men to study syphilis, but only under the condition that all these men are black. In the period between 1932 and 1972, 399 African Americans with syphilis became participants of a cruel experiment. Their disease studied, but refused to heal. All test subjects were volunteers, but they were involved in the experiment deception. Patients informed they have “bad blood”, and they need immediate treatment, which do then spent. But the drug was useless placebo, and of the 399 participants in the experiment survived only 74, and many infected their wives and unborn children. In the end it turned out that scientists were just trying to figure out which is better – not to treat patients or to treat their toxic means available at the time. Needless to say that this study forever altered the laws on the protection of patients ‘ rights in clinical research.
2. Psychological sex change
In 1965, canadian-born David Peter Reimer. At the age of seven months due to a bad circumcision, he was left without a member. John Mani, psychologists, firmly believed that sex depends on education. He managed to convince the parents to raise David as a girl – the psychologist believed that it will only benefit him. However, the child was constantly subjected to ridicule and grew depressed. Having grown up, he killed himself by a gunshot to the head.
1. Scientists have proven that most of us would kill an innocent if we supposed
On this experiment we mentioned in the ninth paragraph. In 1963, Stanley Milgram conducted a famous experiment in obedience to authority. Volunteers signed up for the experiment, which, in their opinion, focused on the effect of punishment in learning. The subjects acted as “teachers” and role of “student” was played by the actor. The task of the student was to memorize some pairs of words. If he was wrong, subjects had to punish him with electric shock. In fact, the actor was only pretending he gets shocked, but the volunteers didn’t know that. The voltage was supposedly increased with each stroke, and at 150 volts, the actor began to scream in pain and demand to stop the experiment. Bewildered subjects asked the researcher, but the latter calmly replied: “the Experiment requires that you continue”. To the surprise of Milgram, despite the terrified screams of the actor, two-thirds of the subjects continued to press the button, sending an electric discharge, and got to the top of the scale – 450 volts. At this level the actor is silent, that is, pretended to be dead.
