Sometimes it may seem that scientific progress stalled and we till the end of time doomed to stew in the news about new iPhones. But no — every year continue to be open — not always of equal importance, but always fascinating.
Sergey Yevtushenko Yesterday at 11:30
1. A small mutation in the genes that happened 800 million years ago, led to the formation of multicellular organisms. Scientists have discovered and studied ancient molecule GK-PID, “molecular shotgun” collecting chromosomes and fastening them on the inside of the wall membrane during division — this reduces the chance of cells becoming cancerous. Once the GK-PID didn’t act, a process launched already mentioned mutation that allowed the cell from benign to copy itself.
2. With GIMPS, a voluntary online project to search for primes of Mersenne, in January 2016 mathematicians discovered a new Prime number — 274207281 – 1. This is the longest of all known Prime numbers, the priority previous to nearly five million digits.
3. The ninth planet of the Solar system beyond the orbit of Neptune, is still hypothetical, but astronomers say that the probability of error is incredibly small. Her calculated due to gravitational clustering, which can be caused by a object of great mass. Planet X needs to be heavier than Earth in 2-15 times and stay from the Sun at a distance of about 240,000,000,000 miles.
4. Almost eternal way of storing data was invented by scientists from the University of Southampton in the UK. To record and retrieve data used nanostructured glass. The result is a 360-terabyte drive the size of a coin with an average shelf life of 14 billion years. Each file on the disk — the three layers of nano-dots located from each other at a distance of five micrometers.
5. One of the species of freshwater cave fish from Taiwan, able to climb walls, has a lot in common in the structure of the body with amphibians and reptiles. This discovery was made in the Institute of technology of new Jersey, and it should help scientists understand how was the process of the evolution of the earliest fish to terrestrial four-legged.
6. Private company SpaceX successfully made a vertical landing rockets. And this is absolutely amazing, because normally the rocket is simply dumped into the ocean, where then take it out for more money, or allow them to burn up in the atmosphere. SpaceX also vertically planted rocket floating platform. In theory, this technology allows great reduce costs and time between runs.
7. Cybernetic implant allowed a paralyzed man to move his fingers for the first time in six years. Scientists from Ohio state University have developed a device associated with the electronic sleeve that stimulate certain muscles of the hand. The patient even was able to play the game “Guitar Hero”, which surprised both doctors and scientists themselves.
8. Stem cells implanted into the brain of stroke patients, giving them back the ability to walk. The study was conducted in the School of medicine at Stanford University. Eighteen patients survived the procedure, the implantation of cells, and those who had moved only in a wheelchair for the first time in a long time, rose to his feet.
9. Carbon dioxide is pumped into the volcanic rock, basalt transforms into carbonates and then into limestone. This process usually takes thousands of centuries, but scientists from Iceland found a way to speed it up only until a couple of years. Thus it is possible to prevent excess carbon dioxide in the atmosphere and provide a new source of minerals.
10. The Earth was discovered a second moon. More precisely, a small asteroid 2016 HO3, which became kazipoteka our planet about a hundred years ago. Its diameter ranges from 40 to 100 metres, subject to the gravitational effects of the Sun stronger than earth’s, but still consistently revolves around us. At first it was thought that he will remain in orbit for only a couple of centuries, but then the figure rose to a million years.
In this ranking we gathered the world’s scientific dostizheniyami half of 2016 — from the fields of astronomy, mathematics, biology, medicine and so on. Progress can not be stopped.
Source: Popularna Mechanics
