USA — real Federation, with a very modest set of powers of the Center. This is very different from Russia. Stronger than he looks. It is the States (States). It is the United. Because it is convenient and profitable. It would be inconvenient and inefficient — separated.
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With regard to elections means that the President chose the States. 50 sovereign States have agreed to engage 50 election campaigns, the purpose of which is the formation of total of the Electoral College. And then the members of this Board, guided from the States peremptory mandates, will choose the President. In fact, involved 50 equal, although nonequilibrium political actors, electing the deputies. The number of deputies in proportion to the number of voters in the state. Plus each, regardless of population size, based on another two units from the Senate.
Stronger all the California delegation — it is represented in the Board of 55 votes (the number of members of Congress). Texas has 38 units. The smallest States with only 3 units. Total in the Electoral College 538 votes; for the Federal victory must get more than half, i.e. at least 270. Imperative mandate depriving the members of the Board of the freedom of choice, they are vote as ordered state. No matter how many candidates on the ballot in the state, the electors will support one, which took first place.
Looks weird, but is actually reasonable. First, the repurchase eliminated the corruption of the electors: their case is straightforward — to support the choir at the Collegium will state. Defectors in the nearly 250 years of existence of the system can be counted on the fingers — for public policy is a death, burdened with shame. Second, the procedure is simple and transparent. Thirdly, minimizing the fake. If California wins, Hillary Clinton (and she’s there to win), all 55 California electors is guaranteed to be on her team. And it doesn’t matter, 54% it’s scored, or 99%. To draw more votes and the bases for the criminal charges (in America for that judge strictly) no reason.
That is the reason (at least, the temptation) of course there is, but only in those States where sympathy is about equally divided and the outcome uncertain. But there flies a huge number of party observers, journalists and political strategists; each Protocol is viewed by many interested experts through the biggest magnifying glass. Therefore, a registry in chusovskom style for the U.S. is not relevant. There are more subtle problems — but that is another story.
On the other hand, the simplicity has to pay stories, like in 2000, when the whole country is al Gore collected 50 999 897 votes (48.4%), and Bush 50 456 002 votes (47.9%). However defeated after all Bush, because after a few recalculations kept in Florida the advantage of 537 votes — and with it, all 25 of the votes of the electors of this state. The case is not unique: such conflicts happened in the history of the United States in 1824 (we have at this time rules the Emperor Alexander I), in 1876 (Alexander II) and in 1888 (Alexander III). Americans recognize the flaw of the system, but see it as a reasonable fee for the electoral sovereignty of the States. The voice of the state for them is more important than the voice of a conditional Federal voter. That’s the way the country.
Dmitry Oreshkin
