Sonia Delaunay considered the founder of orphism.
Sonia Delaunay was born to a Jewish family in the Ukraine, raised in Russia and became famous in Europe. Her talent is truly multi-faceted: she drew pictures, designed clothes and shoes, creating theatrical costumes, engaged in tuning of cars, illustrated books, weaving carpets, etc. Sonia Delaunay considered the founder of a new direction in avant-garde painting – orphism, and the largest master of art Deco.
She was born in 1885 in Ukraine and at birth was given the name Sarah Elievna stern. With 5 years old girl was brought up in the family of his uncle, Henry Grater, a successful St. Petersburg lawyer, and since then began to call themselves Sonia Terk. The girl was engaged in painting, where from an early age showed marked success. In a private school in Germany, she received a classical art education, and during the holidays travelled through Europe, getting acquainted with the best museums.
In 20 years, Sonia moved to Paris, where he continued to study painting at the Academy de La Palette. It rotates in a circle of French Bohemia and interacted with prominent painters of his time. At 22, her work has been exhibited in a Parisian gallery “Notre Dame Shang”. In the same 1908, it was at the insistence of relatives married a German collector, gallerist, and critic V. Ude, but a year later left him for a young abstract artist Robert Delaunay. Under that name she became famous in Europe.
During this period, Sonia Delaunay, in addition to painting, became interested in creating patterns on fabric, embroidery and interior design. Together with her husband they founded a new direction in art, which gave Guillaume Apollinaire – “orphism” or “simultanism”. They defined it as “the movement of colors in the light.”
With the help of intertwining geometric shapes and concentric “solar circles” they created a bright and dynamic compositions that convey the energy of motion and all the subtleties of color combinations. The marriage of Sonia and Robert was not only a happy family Union but productive and creative tandem. Sonia spoke about her husband: “He gave me the form and I color.”
The first experience of the Sony design has become the blanket for my son, which she made from colorful scraps. The combination of abstract patterns, which she called “simultaneous contrasts”, he showed her the original finding for fashion design. Their ideas were embodied in the collection of dresses and coats in the style of art Deco. It was the practical implementation of her theory of “simultaneity, i.e.” – create a motion effect by using contrasting colours, placed next. Color, light, dynamism and simultaneity were the main precepts of creativity of Sonia and Robert Delaunay.
Productive was the acquaintance and cooperation Delaunay with Sergei Diaghilev: Sonia created sketches of costumes and scenery for theatrical productions, Diaghilev helped her open her own fashion House in Madrid “Casa Sonia”, and later “Delaunay” in Paris. It was declared the leading representative of the style of art Deco, and its main findings believed a “balance of volume and colour and a great sense of rhythm.”
In 1963 Sonia Delaunay donated France 117 of his paintings and Robert. A year later she had a personal exhibition at the Louvre is the first in vivo exposure among women artists. In 1975, at the age of 90 years Sonia Delaunay received the highest award of France – the Legion of honor.
