So, twenty-five years passed since those days in August 1991, rightly considered the end of the Communist regime in Russia.
But was it a coup? Whose and against whom? New data that became known since then that allow to give a more objective picture. While some circumstances remain in the shadows.
Remember that the conflict situation between the government of the Soviet Union and Gorbachev on the one hand, and democratic part of the Supreme Soviet of the RSFSR on the other – has been brewing throughout 1991. The government, frightened by the growth of separatist tendencies in the Union, sought to slow them down. Democrats used them to fight against the regime. Eventually, the camp authorities decided to do away with the confusion that was created the State emergency Committee.
This putsch did not include any “black colonels,” and the leadership of the Soviet Union. They declared the country’s President Gorbachev patients, with the result that his office joined the Vice-President of the USSR janaev. If this were indeed so, then no coup it can not be seen, as everything was in accordance with the law. However, Gorbachev is somehow out of reach. Having doubts whether he was sick.
On television you have read the statement of the emergency Committee, the Orthodox-Communist they had nothing – but more people did not report. In Moscow was introduced, military technology has exacerbated the confusion: what and from whom she had to protect.
Meanwhile, in the so-called White house, the building of the Supreme Soviet of the RSFSR, every hour ripe determination to resist the putsch. The rumor was started that arrested Gorbachev at his dacha in foros. The democratic opposition said that perpetrated a coup d’etat. Western media, including the Russian-speaking radio Liberty” made it the main news of the day, repeated from hour to hour. Thousands of Muscovites flocked to the White house to protect it.
It lasted two days. As shown by surveys of the population, most took a wait and see position. Many, however, hoped that the putsch can stop the disintegration of the country and welcomed his actions. Close to it was the position of the emigre writer Vladimir Maximov. However, in the capital around the White house gathered more and more people.
The commandos did not have to seize the building of the Supreme Council. However, none of the deputies were arrested. Did not disconnect neither phone nor energy. The white house was not cordoned off. Moreover, the Deputy Kozyrev, the future Minister of foreign Affairs, successfully flew to Paris for consultations.
Then it seemed strange. Now we know that the putsch was not going to storm the White house. Gkchpisty believed that the entry of tanks into the Moscow all scare and no further action is necessary. In this, they profoundly miscalculated.
Later Lebed testified that his armored vehicles appeared at the White house was sent there by Gccmain to protect, not to attack. Yeltsin climbed on an armored car and made a call to resistance – knowing full well that it threatens nothing.
This helped him to make sure and American spies from a neighboring Embassy, who brought to the White house top-secret equipment that allowed to listen to the talks of the emergency Committee commanders on the ground and even break them. About it later told the American magazine “the Atlantic monthly”.
In this situation, Yeltsin and his entourage, perhaps after consultations with Western leaders, decided to seize the initiative. They began to spread information that is misinformation, about the impending storm the White house and to escalate tensions. The emergency Committee was charged with seeking to restore the totalitarian regime of the Stalinist type. The excited crowd began to attack the armor, blinding her and throwing Molotov cocktails. So, it is in vain, as a result of misunderstandings that killed three young people.
Not ready to such turn of Affairs, Gkchpisty broke down and flew to foros to Gorbachev, where he was arrested.
Later they claimed that everything was done with the consent of Gorbachev, which for tactical reasons had to join the emergency Committee later. Gorbachev still denies it. However, eyewitnesses reported that in foros, he was not in isolation, could listen to Western radio stations, to go to the beach and even somewhere to make phone calls. Thus Gkchpisty believe that he is what is called “framed” them – and washed his hands.
The real coup these days, if judged in the abstract the legal framework, committed team of Yeltsin. They, being at the head of one of the Union republics, albeit the largest, of the revolutionary act has assumed the authority to direct the entire Federal government, subdued the Federal Ministry, the government of the USSR. Then came the prohibition of the Communist party, the Belovezhsky putsch Yeltsin and Kravchuk against Gorbachev and the dismemberment of the USSR. This, however, was not called a coup.
At the time of the emergency Committee could theoretically win and become the salvation of Russia, had declared a clear policy against the Patriotic Marxist ideology, and against the Westernizing of decomposition for the recovery of continuity from the historical Russian statehood.
This would have neutralized the democratic demonization of the emergency Committee as “revenge of bloody Communist-totalitarians”. It would not have allowed Yeltsin and the Democrats to usurp the slogan of “freedom” and Russian symbolism: white-blue-red flag and the word Russia. In addition, there was no need to lie about the “disease” of Gorbachev and intimidate people tension on television, start-up capital of military equipment that caused distrust and protest; instead, I had to honestly tell the people the truth about the situation in the country and the world, and most people would have understood it. But, unfortunately, figures of such a truly Russian level and Outlook that meet the needs of the historical moment, the putsch was not found.
So the people who came to protect the White house from the emergency Committee, saw in Yeltsin “deliverer from the hateful socialist seryatiny, the wizard, who promises to open the door to a wonderful land of freedom and happiness,” writes N. With. Leonov, who was at that time a KGB General.
“The August revolution” Yeltsin has been under a strong American influence and was a rematch of February: the return of Russia from the October period to the February (liberal-democratic).
The future is a magical kaleidoscope of events in which “the rebound of communism” combined with the rampant evil in a new guise: it is willing to trample its Communist mask that has become unnecessary, and scoured the former Empire Legion of demons in a new disguise of “progress” and “freedom”. It was like a collective insanity akin to the February revolution, in which most participants “did not know what they are doing, but the fruits of their lunacy used force, they will know – their triumphant horns protruded from one place to another…
