In anti-Communist propaganda has been successfully using this technique: take any term from the works of Marx or his followers, to give it any desired value, and specify – here, look, Marxism and communism – it’s quite cannibalistic teachings, they encourage everyone to Rob and to kill, and the rest to drive into the camp and starve.
It should be noted that sometimes equally strange is the meaning in phrases and even individual terms invest and those who are not just calls, but also considers himself a Communist. In the end, it is these methods appeared the interpretation of Marx’s “Trotsky” and other ideologues of psevdokommunizm, including the sadly famous Latin American, African and Asian dictators.
In the same way there are ideas that, supposedly, “Marx is outdated, does not correspond to modern reality and needs to complete the processing.”
Here we try briefly, and from the very beginning to retell some of the main provisions of the works of Karl Marx, using simple words, and showing where it came from, and what is the meaning of the terms, in isolation from the main text sound unclear and scary, and on the basis of which are constructed assertions, nothing in common with the works of Marx and Marxism are not.
So: the Goal of science – the answer to the question: what is “all that”, than it will end, if left as is, and how it is possible to intervene to obtain the result that suits us more than one that will, if you do not intervene.
The scientific method of understanding the world as a phases involves the accumulation of data and their classification. That is: what exactly is “all that”, and what exactly are we going to intervene (or, for a start, at least to explore) ? Just by the fact that it is impossible to grasp the immensity.
And here Marx offers to start to apply the classification in relation to the work and its results.
What is labor ? This kind of human activity directed on extraction of natural resources and their conversion into a form suitable for consumption. That is, for example, literally, dug up the ground, planted potatoes, watered-Spud, collected, drove to the store. Here on stage, “we immediately raises the question about activities which people are doing in the shop on both sides of the counter, and he stands up not for nothing, but this (and on whether labor activities of cleaners, teachers and dancers) is already the subject of the next part of the conversation and other means of classification. While the focus on the potatoes and on the fact that she got to shop.
The main thing here is that the potatoes got, and could not be reached. By the fact that it, like any other result of work, you can just take, and take. That is, the bandit waits until the potatoes planted, grown, harvested, and then comes, and takes away all. Or organizing a gang, and declares that “land – mine, all grew up on it – mine too”. Etc., Because the appropriation of the results of their work people begin to resist (or just run to where the bandit and his gang had not yet arrived), bandit methods become more sophisticated.
So, we have got a classification on the basis of “those who are engaged in work” and “those who the results of this work selects”. Later Marx used short description: the exploited class and the exploiting class (from “the use of one person by another person without regard to the interests of the first, etc. etc.”, by analogy with the use of an inanimate object)
In a society where such a norm is recognized, the distinction is situational and class antagonism: that is, those who have adapted to select, think about who would have to take something away, those who have taken – “why take it away from us, and not we”, and who would have to take something away in turn. And exploited, and the exploiters again can be divided into different classes, for example, to build a sort of pyramid which selects, by means of participation in the process and the share they had taken, and the share they had taken already from them, and operated according to the method of participation in the production of select, but right now we don’t need it. Us what’s important now is to take away anything from anyone, and to do this all the time – can only be based on force. Thus, speaking about those who live solely by robbery, we’re talking about a class whose members have common interests plus the power, that is, about who holds power. That is, of the ruling class.
Of course, in a society where there is class antagonism, the ruling class is interested only in retaining power and robbery in their favor. It would be strange if he took into account while still anyone’s interests. If the circumstances develop in such a way that the ruling class is forced to make concessions – at the first opportunity he will return everything as it was, compensating for all the losses and moreover simply because it can. Such a form of government called dictatorship. That is, only actions achieving some goal and not the accountability of anyone in these actions. No matter how it is accepted to name the existing government structure: monarchy, Republic, or a democracy there – in fact we have a dictatorship of the ruling class. In an exploitative society – the dictatorship of the exploiting class, in favor of the exploiters and to the detriment of everyone else.
Approximately since the 17th century and the present day ruling class is a class which Marx called the bourgeoisie, based on the idea of so-called “private property.” Marx also suggested that with the development of the means of production the best possible system of society, not based on the appropriation of the results of the labor of others.
A society that cannot be divided into the class of the exploited and the exploiters will continue to be called “classless” – although wrong as a sign of selection of a particular class may be various. Correct such a society will be known as “society without class antagonisms”.
To build such a society, Marx proposed to rely on a class called the “proletariat” as opposed to the class of “bourgeoisie”, and replace the dictatorship of the bourgeoisie (with its objective of improving methods of robbery) on the dictatorship of the proletariat – with the task of creating a new society.
But this will be in future articles.
