Rosstat has summed up the results of last year and represented Russia in figures.
According to Rosstat, in 2015, unemployment has increased significantly and the number of offenses. Among the offenders most individuals without a regular source of income. According to sociologists and demographers, these phenomena are interrelated and are evidence of the reduced quality of life and well-being of Russians. However, amid this grim picture, the natural population growth increased.
In 2015, the number of unemployed amounted to 4,264 million (375 thousand more than the previous), and this is the highest rate since 2012.
Director of the Center for new sociology and study of practical politics “Phoenix” Alexander Tarasov explains the rapid growth of unemployment two factors: the withdrawal from the market of foreign companies, as well as lower consumption and the transition of the population to cheaper goods. That, in turn, has forced manufacturers to reduce the amount of work and to lay off some employees.
From the data of Rosstat, it follows that employment is affected by marital status. Among singles unemployment is higher (35% of bachelors are unemployed) than among those who are married (including unemployed 16%).
On the rate of employment is also affected by gender differences. For example, in 2015, unemployed women stood on 202 thousand more than in 2014, and unemployed men — on 173 thousand
The average age of the unemployed — 35 years, this age group includes the majority of convicted people.
— When there is a deterioration of the economic situation, the country’s growing unemployment and crime. People are trying to improve their financial situation through various criminal methods, — said Alexander Tarasov.
In 2015, it was revealed 2,388 million crimes (191 thousand more than the previous), and this is the highest rate since 2012.
Most people convicted of theft — 210 thousand people, which is 11 thousand more than in 2014. The second “popularity” are crimes related to drug trafficking. In 2015 they condemned 115 thousand persons that on 1 thousand more than the year before.
The majority of those who got the term — persons who have no permanent income, while in 2015 the number of these increased by 54 thousand people.
— From a General criminological point of view, the growth of unemployment, partial employment and the number of crimes, of course, interrelated. First and foremost, we are talking about the economic crimes, — says a leading researcher of the Institute of enforcement of the European University Kirill Titaev.
Among prisoners, more men than women. But if the crime rate among the representatives of the stronger sex from year to year has remained approximately the same level, then among women — is growing.
— We observe the growth of economic crimes lately. And women always are most often breaking the law in this area, — explained senior researcher of the Institute of demography of the HSE Ekaterina Shcherbakova.
However, the percentage of women is growing among victims of criminal acts. But, according to experts, the economic crisis and unemployment that has nothing to do.
— Crime statistics often depends not from the actual crimes committed, and the work of the police. They can register the offense and can convince the victim not to write statements. If a bearded middle-aged man coming with the statement that he stole a purse, he is likely to say — Yes you were drunk, are to blame. Women, girls engineering work is much softer. And it’s not only Russian, but also world situation, — said Kirill Titayev.
Despite rising unemployment and crime, the natural increase of the population of Russia increases. If in 2013 the coefficient was negative, then beginning in 2014 became positive.
— The natural increase in this case is not the indicator of well-being, though often officials use it for reporting. Of importance here are the statistics on welfare and age of parents. Also often the integrity of the accounting registration of birth and death is in doubt, ” explains Ekaterina Shcherbakova.
According to Alexander Tarasov, natural population growth is a delayed phenomenon and depends on the psychological mood of the population had developed over the previous years.
— In the 1990-ies people consciously began to abandon the birth of children several years after the onset of the crisis. 3-5 years of hard life and many are beginning to think: I’m not going to have a baby, because I can’t feed, can’t provide a decent future, — said Tarasov.
