Here comes the summer — vacation season, relax and enjoy your nature walks. However, along with summer pleasures and troubles appear, one of which — pliers, and from the bite, unfortunately, no one is immune. Therefore, it is important to know what actions should be taken in this case!
We have collected in this collection is the most important information about ticks. After reading this article, you will get an idea about the behavior of these tiny creatures, as well as the procedure in case of bite. Don’t forget to bookmark and share with your friends!
1. Mites do not climb trees, and jump out of the grass
Mite can crawl at you from grass or shrubs, but not to jump from the tree, because ticks can not jump. Usually they do not rise higher than 1.5 m above the ground. Insect legs are very tenacious, and do arachnids are very small, so you will not even feel that someone is crawling on your body. Of course, to prevent contact with the tick might help tight-fitting garment, but to rely on it not worth it. Usually clamp bite into the soft spots on the body — armpits, groin or area behind the ears. So, walking through the woods, often inspect yourself and friends.
Do not forget that the infection can be caught not only by the bite of an insect. You can also become infected by drinking boiled milk — ticks don’t care who is in front of them, man or animal, so they are happy to bite cows. Nursing moms, by the way, is also should know better, and until the terrible diagnosis not be contradicted, not to breast feed the baby. But in another way from person to person not transmitted encephalitis, and get from friends does not threaten you.
2. Vaccination
Ideally, before you go on nature, need to be vaccinated against the most common disease that is spread mites — encephalitis. However, they need to do in February, otherwise there is a risk that the vaccine will not work. Usually put three injections at an interval, and yet that vaccination is the most effective remedy. Note that the vaccination should be held every year.
3. Infection
Generally tick-borne infections very much, and encephalitis and Lyme disease — the most serious and dangerous of them. However, there is still granularly anaplasmosis, monocytic erlihioz, babesiosis, rickettsiosis, and others. The infection is transmitted to humans during the bite, along with injected into the body saliva. Of course, there are the so-called “clean” ticks, the saliva in which no infection is contained, but not guarantee that the tick that bit you is a carrier of the disease, no.
4. Encephalitis
Encephalitis — the most terrible disease transmitted by ticks. If you’re lucky — will get off with a fright, and if not — may result in paralysis of both hands, blindness or deafness. Keep in mind, these effects are irreversible, unless, of course, in the near future will come up with some universal method of treatment. But it is not. In some cases, encephalitis can lead to death of the victim.
Worst of all, if a carrier of encephalitis bite you in Siberia or the far East, as ticks in these parts carry a particularly severe form of the disease, and according to the statistics from it dies bitten by a 80 out of 100. In Europe a little easier, from 100 infected die only two, but it is a reason to worry about your health, isn’t it?
By the way, if people have already suffered once encephalitis, becomes to him a lifelong immunity.
5. Lyme disease
The second dangerous disease — Lyme disease. It is characterized by high temperature and extensive redness at the bite location. When complications arise paralysis of the facial muscles, then begin to hurt the joints, and in severe cases the pain may be so strong that move would be impossible. There can be problems with hearing and vision, up to complete loss, or heart problems. The skin becomes thin, dry and acquires a cyanotic hue.
And the worst part is that vaccination against Lyme disease does not exist. Immunity too — if ill once, you can get sick and second. Fortunately, at an early stage to cure it quite easily, but it is time to go to the doctor.
6. Removing the tick
If you are unlucky and you still find yourself stuck in the body of the tick, then firstly — don’t panic. Remember that in any critical situation it is necessary to keep cool.
To start, remove the tick. This should be done very carefully, preferably with tweezers, turning it counterclockwise. In no case do not pull the tick — he’s already dug into your flesh with its front paws, and when to pull hard, come off the head, and she along with stinger remains in the skin. Then you have to pick out the head with a needle, pre-calcined in the flame of the lighter, like a splinter. If it remains at least sting, one would have to eventually cut it with a scalpel. In that case, if the tweezers with me, you can try to Unscrew the insect with a loop of thread.
Often talk about the way to remove a tick using vegetable oil — allegedly insect starts to choke and come out by itself. Doctors do not recommend. Choke-is the mite really start, but in this case it will release into your blood the maximum amount of saliva, because it will severely sick, and, as we remember, in the saliva and contain pathogens.
7. Proboscis and legs
Once tick removed, carefully inspect it for the presence of all the parts — number of legs (legs indistinguishable from proboscis) must be odd. If the number is even then the sting is left in the body, and should immediately contact the emergency room to extract it, but at the same time to get a shot. Remember that the shot will have to do anyway, and try not to pull with it.
Do not forget to put the extracted tick in a box to take to the analysis of SES to the nearest laboratory.
10 days after the bite you will need to donate blood to look for infections. To do this you also need anyway. Two weeks later — re-analysis of already immunoglobulin M to the encephalitis, and in one — on immunoglobulin M Lyme disease. Of course, you have to tell the doctor, but it is better to know about it yourself: forewarned is forearmed.
